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- <Chapter 1: Introduction>
-
- Copyright (c) 1996 Trionum Inc. All rights reserved.
-
- ORCHIS, TRIONUM and PEP are trademarks of Trionum Inc. All other brand
- and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their
- respective companies.
-
- <Section 1.1: What is ORCHIS?>
- The name ORCHIS stands for "Org Chart Imaging Software". ORCHIS makes
- it easy to create and maintain org charts. An org chart is a picture of a
- tree-like hierarchy. The most common use for such charts is to represent
- the structure of an organization by a diagram of who reports to whom, but
- there are many other applications. For example, org charts can represent
- menu structures, decision trees, sentence parsings, or taxonomies of
- plants and animals. With ORCHIS, pictures of these charts can be displayed
- on your computer's monitor, printed on your printer, and saved in graphic
- files compatible with other software packages.
-
- ORCHIS eliminates the necessity of actually drawing these charts
- yourself. Using simple data forms, you enter text for each chart element
- and specify its properties, such as type face and color. Using the
- graphical EDIT-CHART display <[2]>, you identify how the chart elements
- are linked together. The layout and drawing of the chart is done
- automatically by ORCHIS. Later, you can easily add to the chart, or change
- the text, properties, or linkages, and have ORCHIS instantly redraw the
- chart to your new specifications.
-
- <Section 1.2: Getting Started>
- In order to install and use ORCHIS, you will need to be familiar with
- the basic commands of the DOS operating system. If you have any questions
- about using DOS, consult your operating system manual.
-
- <Section 1.2.1: Hardware and Software Required>
- In order to run ORCHIS you need an IBM PC compatible computer running
- DOS 2.0 or a later version of DOS. You also need a color VGA display. You
- do not need a hard disk, or a mouse, but both of these are recommended.
-
- In order to print directly from ORCHIS, you need one of the following
- printers: an HP DeskJet, an HP LaserJet, a Canon Bubble Jet, a Postscript
- printer such as the Apple LaserWriter, an Epson printer, an IBM graphics
- printer, an IBM Color Printer, or a printer compatible with one of these.
-
- You can output pictures from ORCHIS to PDL files (the format of
- TRIONUM's drawing program, PEP: Picture Editing Package) <[7.1]>, to PCX
- files (a popular bitmap format) <[7.3]>, and to EPS files (the
- encapsulated Postscript format) <[7.2]>. Many word processors and desktop
- publishing packages accept graphics in these formats. Charts created in
- ORCHIS can be included, in this way, into documents, presentations and
- slide shows created by any of these compatible packages.
-
- <Section 1.2.2: Installation>
- Before you can use ORCHIS, you must identify the kind of printer that
- you have and how it is connected to your computer. The utility INSTALL.EXE
- supplied with ORCHIS will guide you through this simple installation
- process. To be able to use ORCHIS, you must first run INSTALL. Full
- instructions for installing ORCHIS are provided in Chapter <[12]>.
-
- <Section 1.2.3: About this Manual>
- In the present chapter, we provide the definitions and background
- information necessary to understand the chapters that follow. We recommend
- that you read this chapter before trying to use ORCHIS. Then if you need
- information about a particular command, you will be ready to turn directly
- to the relevant section in the reference chapters that follow.
-
- After this introductory chapter, is the main part of the ORCHIS
- manual, namely the individual command descriptions in Chapters <[2]>
- through <[10]>. In those chapters, you will find a complete explanation of
- each of the commands available in ORCHIS.
-
- Chapter <[11]> describes the HELP system, which allows you to view
- the information in this manual, on your computer's display, while you are
- using ORCHIS. Because the HELP system is context sensitive and includes a
- cross-reference facility, it is often a more convenient method of learning
- about ORCHIS than referring to the physical manual would be.
-
- <Section 1.2.4: Some Terminology>
- The individual nodes that make up an org chart are simply called
- boxes. Each box contains one or more text lines, sometimes simply call
- lines. The boxes have a hierarchical ordering relation shown by the
- relative positions of the boxes when the chart is drawn and the lines
- drawn between them called links. The ordering relation has the structure
- of a tree, but charts are drawn upside down, with the root of the tree at
- the top and leaves at the bottom. <[FIG16]> shows three typical examples
- of such charts.
-
- The relationship between a subordinate box and the box above it (for
- example, the relationship of boxes 2 and 1 in the any of the charts above)
- can be described in any one of the following ways:
-
- 1 is over 2.
- 2 is under 1.
- 1 is the parent of 2.
- 2 is a daughter of 1.
-
- We also say that two daughters of one parent (for example boxes 2 and 3,
- or boxes 6 and 7 in any of the illustrations) are sisters.
-
- <Section 1.3: Menus and Commands>
- ORCHIS commands are presented in a series of menus organized into a
- menu hierarchy. The menu that is displayed when you first load ORCHIS is
- called the top menu. Most of the commands in this menu cause new menus to
- be displayed. In some cases, these new menus have commands leading to yet
- other menus.
-
- In all of these menus, one letter in each command is underlined. To
- execute a command, just type this letter. Alternatively, you can point to
- a menu item with the cursor. Then, if you press the left mouse button (or
- the ENTER key on your keyboard), the selected command will be executed.
-
- For example, in the top menu, if you type "X" (for "Export"), a new menu
- will appear as shown in <[FIG02]>. This new menu lists the file formats
- available for exporting org chart images. If you now type "E" (for "EPS")
- you will export the chart to a file in the Encapsulated PostScript format.
- (See Chapter <[7]> for complete information on file export options.)
-
- <[FIG15]> is a chart of the principal menus in ORCHIS.
-
- <Section 1.4: Windows>
- The ORCHIS screen is divided into three windows: a menu window, a
- text window, and a chart windows. The menu window is used by ORCHIS to
- display its commands. The text window is used for prompts and error
- messages. The chart window is used either to display a data entry form for
- one org chart box or to display the chart itself. <[FIG10]>
-
- A different screen layout is used when you are in the HELP system.
- For more information see Chapter <[11]>.
-
- <Section 1.5: Data Entry Forms>
- When you load a chart into ORCHIS, the initial display in the chart
- window is a data entry form for one box of that chart. Such forms are the
- tools you use to change the text contents and properties of the various
- boxes in the chart. A typical data entry form is shown in <[FIG17]>.
-
- To change a line of text, activate its entry field by using the TAB
- key or by clicking on the field with the cursor. To display a property
- sheet for the box or for any one of its text lines, click on the
- appropriate [P]-button. You can also access property sheets through the
- PROPERTIES command in the top menu. For more information on using property
- sheets see Chapter <[3]>.
-
- The data entry form lists the boxes linked to the current box. To
- switch to the entry form for another box, either use the left, right, up,
- and down goto buttons in the data entry form, or display the entire chart
- by using the EDIT-CHART command <[2]> and then select the new box with the
- EDIT-BOX command <[2.1]>. Invoking EDIT-CHART also provides access to the
- commands for creating, deleting, linking and unlinking boxes. See Chapter
- <[2]> for more information on these commands.
-
- <Section 1.6: Scroll Bars>
- A scroll bar is a tool for using the mouse to move the view in a
- given window. In ORCHIS, scroll bars may appear in the menu window, in the
- chart window, or (if you are in the HELP system) in the help document
- window. In this section, we will assume that you have a mouse. (If you do
- not have a mouse, there are commands for adjusting window views from the
- keyboard. See Chapter <[10]> for the single keystroke commands relevant to
- the chart window and the menu window. See Chapter <[11]> for the commands
- relevant to the help document window.)
-
- Scroll bars will be automatically created in the menu window, the
- chart window, and the help document window whenever they are needed. For
- example, the LOAD-CHART command <[5.1]> displays a menu of all available
- org chart files. If there is not enough room in the menu window to display
- all of the file names, a horizontal scroll bar is created at the bottom of
- the window. You can use this bar, as described below, to control which
- part of the file name list is to be displayed. In the chart view window,
- two scroll bars are required, a horizontal bar to control left/right
- motion and a vertical bar to control up/down motion.
-
- A scroll bar contains three buttons, an arrow button at either end
- and an unmarked button that can moved freely along the bar between these.
- This latter button is called the slider. The position of the slider shows
- the current location of the window view in its range of possible
- positions. The size of the slider shows what fraction of the range is
- currently visible in the window. For example, when you shrink a chart
- window (so that twice as much is displayed in it), the sliders expand to
- twice their former size.
-
- To adjust the window view by a small amount, click on the appropriate
- arrow button. One click will move a menu window or a help document window
- up or down by a single line of text. A graphic window will be moved by a
- small fraction of the total range of motion. If you hold down an arrow
- button (that is, you click on it and do not release the mouse button), the
- window motion will be automatically repeated.
-
- To adjust the window view by a larger amount, click on the scroll bar
- outside the slider (above or below the slider on a vertical bar, to the
- left or right on a horizontal bar). One click will move the window view by
- one half of the size of the window.
-
- If you click on the slider, the mouse becomes locked to the slider.
- By moving the mouse, you now move the slider. When you click a second
- time, the slider and the window view become fixed in their new positions.
-
- <Section 1.7: Moving the Cursor>
- There are several ways to move the cursor in ORCHIS. These are
- described below.
-
- <Section 1.7.1: Mouse>
- If you have a mouse, you can move the cursor by simply moving the
- mouse.
-
- <Section 1.7.2: Cursor Motion Keys>
- The four arrow keys on the numerical key pad move the cursor in the
- direction of the arrow. See <[FIG09]>. These keys are also called the
- cursor motion keys.
-
- <Section 1.7.3: Automatic Motion>
- If you need to move the cursor over a large distance, using the
- cursor motion keys can be tedious. If you do not have a mouse, you may
- want to use the automatic cursor motion capability. You can start the
- cursor moving, accelerate it, change its direction, and stop the motion
- when the cursor arrives at its destination.
-
- To start the cursor moving, press the Grey-plus key, and then press
- one of the cursor motion arrow keys. The cursor will begin to move at a
- constant speed in the direction indicated by the motion key. To make the
- cursor move faster, press the same key again. To change direction, press a
- different cursor motion key. To stop the cursor, press the Grey-plus key a
- second time.
-
- <Section 1.8: Moving Up The Menu Hierarchy>
- There are three ways to move up the menu hierarchy. Most menus
- include an explicit QUIT or CANCEL command. This command will take you
- back to the previous menu, the next higher menu in the hierarchy. The
- second method is to use the super-escape key (function key F10)
- <[10.1.5]>. Pressing this key takes you in a single step to the top level
- menu no matter where you are in the command structure. Finally, you can
- use the Escape key (ESC). Pressing this key takes you back one step in the
- command execution. Often, ESC is equivalent to QUIT, taking you back to
- the prior menu. Sometimes, however, it takes you back to an earlier stage
- in the current operation. For example, in the EDIT-CHART menu <[2]>, when
- you move a box you first choose the box you want to move and then choose a
- new parent box for it. If you are at the second stage (choosing the
- parent), pressing ESC takes you back to the first stage (choosing the
- moving box). In any case, if you continue to press ESC, you eventually
- return to the prior menu and ultimately to the top level menu. If you have
- a mouse, pressing the right mouse button is equivalent to using the ESC
- key.
-
- <Section 1.9: More about the Mouse>
- ORCHIS has been designed so that you can use a mouse if you have one,
- but a mouse is by no means necessary. Every function can be accessed
- directly from the keyboard. Cursor motion, in particular, can be
- controlled from the keyboard in a number of ways which have been described
- above.
-
- If you do have a mouse, pressing a mouse button is equivalent to
- pressing one key on the keyboard. Pressing the left mouse button is
- equivalent to pressing ENTER (carriage return). Pressing the right mouse
- button is equivalent to pressing ESC (the escape key). See <[FIG11]>. In
- the discussion below, we use the key names ENTER and ESC without
- explicitly mentioning the mouse. In each case you can use the equivalent
- mouse button instead.
-
- <Section 1.10: Org Chart Files>
- ORCHIS stores org charts in files with the extension "ORG". These are
- pure ASCII text files using a simple context sensitive format. This simple
- text based format makes it easy for third party programmers to create
- compatible utilities, such as, for example, a program to automatically
- generate ORCHIS files by extracting information from a data base.
-
- To assist such third party developers, TRIONUM will provide a file
- format specification document, free of charge, to any registered user upon
- request.
-